(1) The benchmark for mathematics content standard 4 for a student at the end of grade 4 is the ability to:

(a) describe, extend, and make generalizations about geometric or numeric patterns;

(b) use letters, boxes, or symbols to represent numbers in simple expressions or equations to demonstrate a basic understanding of variables;

(c) use number patterns to investigate properties of numbers such as even or odd and properties of operations such as commutative, associative, distributive, and the multiplicative and additive identities;

(d) develop an understanding of equivalence by expressing numbers, measures, and numerical expressions involving operations in a variety of ways; and

(e) model problem situations with manipulatives or technology and use multiple representations such as words, pictures, tables, or graphs to draw conclusions using cultural contexts, including those of Montana American Indians.